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Cahill-Keyes M-layout world map silhouette including Antarctica
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Why Cahill? What about Buckminster Fuller?

Evolution of the Dymaxion Map:
An Illustrated Tour and Critique

Part 9.7-b

by Gene Keyes
2009-06-15

Summary: I love Bucky, but Cahill's map is a lot better. Here's how.

CONTENTS
Click inside boxes to open other sections in separate windows.
1) Introduction and
Background Notes

2) 1943:
Cubo-Octahedron,
Split Continents

3) 1944:
Cubo-Octahedron,
Whole Continents

4) 1946:
The Dymaxion Map Patent

5) 1954
Icosahedron,
Whole Continents

6) 1967 ff:
Later Editions and
World Game Versions

7) 1995 ff
Dymaxion Maps
on the Internet

8) Notes on Scaling Dymaxion Maps
9) Critique:
Dymaxion Map Compared to Cahill

9) Critique: Seven Design Flaws of Fuller's Map as Compared to Cahill's
9.1) Layout assymetrical
9.2) Graticule irregular
9.3) Korea distorted
9.4) Scalability poor
9.5) Anti-metric edges
9.6) Globe fidelity poor
9.7-a) Learnability poor
9.7-b) Learnability poor
9.8) Conclusion


Part 9.7-b
Learnability: synoptic view, globe and map
(continued)


Appendix 2
The close relation of Cahill's octants to a globe

Now we see the critical learnability difference between the Fuller and Cahill globes. In the latter instance, I simply labeled the octants from 1 to 8, and did not have to bother with edge and vertex numbering. My logic was to start at (1) the North Pacific octant with the dateline, proceed eastward to (2) North America, to (3) Europe and northern Africa, to (4) Asia, then move southward to (5) Australia, and go eastward again to (6) New Zealand and South Pacific, to (7) South America, and to (8) southern Africa. (Matching my M-shaped layout, left to right.)

I am showing two comparison-pairs for each octant:

A) In color, the Replogle globe which I marked to 5°, plus the spherical triangles: matched with the flat octants in a reduction to 12.5%, from Cahill's largest world map (and the only one in color). Alas, this early draft of his from 1914 only has a 10° x 15° grid. Therefore, I added:

B) In black and white, a computer drafted 5° orthographic globe projection, with octant lines enhanced, matched to separate octants from Cahill's 5° unpublished equal-area Version "C", from 1936.

Caveat: be aware that the Cahill octants are off by half a degree compared to the Cahill-Keyes globe images, because of the aforementioned revision, whereby I divide the globe from 20° W, rather than Cahill's 22 1/2° W, so as to avoid half-degree geocells.

I could have portrayed the globe's natural size, but since there are so many images on this page, I'm staying with 1/100,000,000, which reduces the ten-inch globe as if to five inches, like my Fullerized globe above.

Note: The orthographic projection globe-like maps appear larger than their counterpart globe-photos at the same scale, because an orthographic is seen from "infinity", whereas a similar "perspective" projection, much closer, like the photos, does not quite include an entire hemisphere.

Sources for all images in this series:

Replogle 10 inch globe, 1975;
5° grid and Cahill octants superimposed by Gene Keyes, 2009;
photos by GK, 2009

Computer prints of orthographic globes
from R.L. Parker's "Supermap" program
output [from punchcards!] and octants added by Gene Keyes, 1975;
scanned by GK, 2009

Single octants in color from B.J.S. Cahill's largest
and unpublished* world map, ca. 1914.
(See details and very big full-size panels on my separate web pages.)

Black-and-white octants reduced from Cahill's 1936
unpublished* equal-area Version "C".

(See Part 9.2, Fig. 9.2.1.)


*Note: these two draft Cahill maps from his archive, items 57 and 61,
at University of California, Berkeley,
are now presented here on this website for the very first time.

Cahill-Keyes Octant 1
N. Pacific
Replogle 10-inch globe, with 5-degree geocells and Cahill-Keyes octants added by Gene Keyes; 1 of 8
Cahill Octant 1
N. Pacific


Cahill world map octant, color; 1 of 8
5-degree orthographic map marked by Gene Keyes with Cahill-Keyes octant; 1 of 8.





Cahill world map octant, 5 degrees, b&w ; 1 of 8







Cahill-Keyes Octant 2

N. America
Replogle 10-inch globe, with 5-degree geocells and Cahill-Keyes octants added by Gene Keyes; 2 of 8


Cahill Octant 2

N. America


Cahill world map octant, color; 2 of 8
5-degree orthographic map marked by Gene Keyes with Cahill-Keyes octant; 2 of 8.






Cahill world map octant, 5 degrees, b&w ; 2 of 8


Cahill-Keyes Octant 3

Europe & N. Africa
Replogle 10-inch globe, with 5-degree geocells and Cahill-Keyes octants added by Gene Keyes; 3 of 8


Cahill Octant 3

Europe & N. Africa


Cahill world map octant, color; 3 of 8
5-degree orthographic map marked by Gene Keyes with Cahill-Keyes octant; 3 of 8.






Cahill world map octant, 5 degrees, b&w ; 3 of 8


Cahill-Keyes Octant 4

Asia
Replogle 10-inch globe, with 5-degree geocells and Cahill-Keyes octants added by Gene Keyes; 4 of 8


Cahill Octant 4

Asia


Cahill world map octant, color; 4 of 8
5-degree orthographic map marked by Gene Keyes with Cahill-Keyes octant; 4 of 8.






Cahill world map octant, 5 degrees, b&w ; 4 of 8


Cahill-Keyes Octant 5

Australia
Replogle 10-inch globe, with 5-degree geocells and Cahill-Keyes octants added by Gene Keyes; 5 of 8


Cahill Octant 5

Australia


Cahill world map octant, color; 5 of 8
5-degree orthographic map marked by Gene Keyes with Cahill-Keyes octant; 5 of 8.




Cahill world map octant, 5 degrees, b&w ; 5 of 8


Cahill-Keyes Octant 6

S. Pacific
Replogle 10-inch globe, with 5-degree geocells and Cahill-Keyes octants added by Gene Keyes; 6 of 8


Cahill Octant 6

S. Pacific


Cahill world map octant, color; 6 of 8
5-degree orthographic map marked by Gene Keyes with Cahill-Keyes octant; 6 of 8.






Cahill world map octant, 5 degrees, b&w ; 6 of 8


Cahill-Keyes Octant 7

S. America
Replogle 10-inch globe, with 5-degree geocells and Cahill-Keyes octants added by Gene Keyes; 7 of 8


Cahill Octant 7

S. America


Cahill world map octant, color; 7 of 8
5-degree orthographic map marked by Gene Keyes with Cahill-Keyes octant; 7 of 8.






Cahill world map octant, 5 degrees, b&w ; 7 of 8


Cahill-Keyes Octant 8

S. Africa
Replogle 10-inch globe, with 5-degree geocells and Cahill-Keyes octants added by Gene Keyes; 8 of 8


Cahill Octant 8

S. Africa


Cahill world map octant, color; 8 of 8
5-degree orthographic map marked by Gene Keyes with Cahill-Keyes octant; 8 of 8.




Cahill world map octant, 5 degrees, b&w ; 8 of 8


And just for good measure, I will repeat and juxtapose a pair of Fuller and Cahill globe / map images:
Cahill-Keyes Octant 4
Asia
Replogle 10-inch globe, with 5-degree geocells and Cahill-Keyes octants added by Gene Keyes; 4 of 8
Cahill Octant 4
Asia


Cahill world map octant, color; 4 of 8

Fuller [split] triangle 12 on a globe
Southeast Asia and Oceania
12-inch globe, with 5 degree geocells and Dymaxion map icosahedral triangles added by Gene Keyes; 12 of 20
Fuller [split] triangle 12
Southeast Asia and Oceania



Dymaxion map, single triangle, 12 of 20


Compared to Fuller's icosahedral, I think the Cahill world map design does a lot more with a lot less (in terms of facets). Next, on the last page, are some brief closing thoughts.

Go to Part 9.8
Conclusion

Go back to Contents
Go back to B.J.S. Cahill Resource Page
Go back to Gene Keyes home page


Text cc. 2009 by Gene Keyes; Cahill-Keyes Map c. 1975, 2009  by Gene Keyes